Research Framework: A Legitimist representative under the Second Republic (1848-1852), Paul de Dieuleveult (1799-1867) embodied the traditional Western notable in the mid-19th century. His privileged social position marks the culmination of a social ascent begun by his father, François-Marie, in Tréguier, Côtes-du-Nord.

Objectives: To examine the importance of family heritage in the Legitimist commitment of Paul de Dieuleveult and his fellow Legislative deputies.

Methodology: To achieve this, we will draw on the work of our thesis (Stefanelly, 2013) and on the biographical notes of parliamentarians.

Results: Paul de Dieuleveult’s commitment to the Legitimist cause was determined by his family background. His father rose socially through his medical activities, his two successive marriages, his attainment of a noble title and the exercise of local responsibilities under the Restoration. Paul belongs to this lineage. Thanks to him, he has considerable material and land assets. His marriage enables him to complete alliances with the region’s prominent families. His entry into politics in the final years of the Restoration period gave concrete expression to his legitimist commitment. The July Monarchy marked a political break, but he returned to the forefront of local political life in 1848 and became a member of parliament. During his term of office, he endeavored to build on his political base by preserving community unanimity.

Conclusion: Many of his fellow Legitimists in the West, birthplace of Legitimism, are part of a family heritage. A minority of them have less marked family antecedents and have emerged socially thanks to their abilities.

Contributions: The family dimension is essential to understanding the political commitment of a legitimist representative under the Second Republic, even if this is not true in all cases, and the individual psychological dimension is a factor to be taken into account.

Research Framework: In contemporary China, the ultra-competitive education system leads middle-class parents to invest time, money and energy to obtain the best educational resources and ensure their child’s success.

Objectives : In an authoritarian context where the middle class is often seen as a supporter of the ruling party-state, I show that defending the children’s interests leads middle-class parents to take an interest in education policies in particular, and to denounce decisions that seem unfair to them.

Methodology: I carried out an empirical investigation for over eight months in Nanjing (PRC) in 2018, during which I conducted 37 formal interviews with parents. I also observed interactions between parents and educational establishments (public and private). This empirical investigation is complemented by online monitoring of legislative developments, opinion debates and the parenting blogosphere.

Results: I observed how participation in online discussion groups, following educational news, and monitoring their child’s educational activities lead to the emergence of a political consciousness among middle-class parents. This phenomenon encourages some parents to take action to defend their interests.

Conclusions : The emergence of class consciousness among some parents transforms their relationship to politics, redefining the notion of justice, equality and conflict.

Contribution : This research calls into question the passivity of the Chinese middle classes and the impact of parenthood on the political socialization of individuals.

Reseach framework: In France’s Pas-de-Calais coalfield, the Communist Party structured itself by politicizing local communities. By investing in families, it made possible “native” political socialization.

Objectives: This article focuses on the role of family ties in shaping and transforming political involvements.

Methodology: Thanks to a biographical interview with a former French Communist Party (FCP) activist in specific site and historical context, the aim is to reconstruct a trajectory which sheds light on the mechanisms of partisan attachment and then detachment.

Results: Irène Delvaux, born in 1936 in the Pas-de-Calais coalfield, where the FCP was strengthening its influence at the time, is a “native” communist: born into a committed family, her militant socialization began with her primary socialization. Daughter of a mineworker who became a trade union leader, a Communist executive and leader, then a member of parliament and mayor, she inherited a “red” politicization. Although she describes the context of her youth as “stalinist” and “sectarian” in retrospect, her story is marked by boundless admiration for her father, whom she describes as a devoted self-taught man and exemplary activist. Having become a municipal employee, she got involved with the party’s “base” and adopted its “openness” policies. In the 1990s, this position put her at odds with federal political direction. While this disagreement contributed to her break with the FCP in 1996, the feeling of non-recognition of her father by local activists precipitated her exit.

Conlusion: This trajectory of a Communist woman, which is inextricably bound up with socio-historical and affective logics (formation of a working-class political staff, strategic developments and partisan divisions, loyalty to a father who embodied domestic as well as political authority, succession of generations in Communist dynasties, inheritance management), sheds light on the ways in which family ties affect the partisan bond, and vice versa.

Contribution: As part of an oral history project, this text is a contribution to the sociology of socialization.

Research Framework: Research into the use of screens at home reveals family dynamics in the organization and sharing of viewing audiovisual content. With their specific characteristics, series can support the individual and family trajectories.

Objectives: The main objective of this article is to understand the relational issues involved in watching series between members of the household during family reconfigurations, which include recompositions and people moving out, for adolescents who are at a transitional stage in their life course.

Methodology: The article is based on the qualitative phase of a longitudinal survey that was conducted in France and French-speaking Belgium, with a cohort of 57 adolescents at the end of their secondary education at the start of the research protocol. It includes six waves of semi-structured interviews (N = 194) that were carried out over a year and a half.

Results: Watching series with the family bears symbolic implications for teenagers during family recompositions, following the death of a parent or, more often, parental separation, with the introduction of sole or alternating custody. In this context, whether or not to watch series with a step-parent marks the integration or their refusal of this new family member. Audiovisual encounters ensure that family ties are maintained during these periods, whether by the teenagers interviewed or by a member of their adelphia.

Conclusions: Far from being limited to entertainment, family viewing of series at specific moments in family trajectories symbolizes the strength of the bonds between family members.

Contribution: Through its longitudinal approach, which takes account of family reconfigurations, this article contributes to a better understanding of the issues and fluctuations in the importance attached to cultural practices between family members.

Research Framework: Few studies have focused on social workers’ emotional needs and the emotional demands associated with their work.

Objectives: This article presents some of the social and organizational factors involved in the increase of emotional difficulties (ED) among social workers. It also presents the consequences of ED in interactions with the children and families being monitored.

Methodology: This qualitative study was conducted with 43 social workers working on the frontline, as well as the second- and the third line of public services involved in the social safety net for vulnerable children and families in Quebec. Our theoretical framework uses the interactionist sociology of emotions.

Results: The results show the use of regular and persistent surface acting as emotional labour by professionals, due to emotional dissonance related to the practitioner’s political orientations and conditions of practice. When emotional labour is compromised or prevented, subsequent emotions, attitudes and behaviours give rise to mutually hurtful relationships between practitioners and users. The results also show a decrease in the intensity of follow-ups, of empathy towards users and a fallback behind procedures, as well as a decline in the ability to manage uncertainty and in the quality of work.

Conclusion: We discuss the importance of depersonalizing ED at work by acting on the structures and conditions of practice, as well as valuing and promoting emotional labour in the interest of practitioners, children and families followed.

Contribution: This article contributes to a better understanding of ED and the psychological difficulties of social workers, and the role played by emotional labour in human and health service professions and relationships with users.

Research Framework: When, in the 1980s, Malian immigrant couples chose to settle in France, they found themselves caught up in a system of “mutilated kinship” caused by emigration (Barou, 1991). A veritable “work of kinship” (di Leonardo, 1987) is required to maintain links with relatives who have remained in Mali, and to pass on to children born and socialized in France a sense of belonging to the family group, despite the distance.

Objectives: This article looks at how children born in France in the 1980s and mid-1990s are socialized to family and transnational ties during their childhood and preadolescence – i.e., before their first stays in Mali.

Methodology: The 50 in-depth life story interviews conducted out with ten Malian immigrant families enable us to reconstruct family socialization universes in retrospect.

Results: I show at first that the recounting of the parental past, more than intergenerational transmission of first names, constructs affiliation to the family line. I then highlight how parental practices of mutual aid and welcoming transnational relatives to France help accustom children to their future duty of transnational redistribution and solidarity. Finally, I outline the socializing effects of regular visits to migrant workers’ hostels, where male relatives reside, by highlighting the gendered dimension of this socialization.

Conclusions: Through these three processes of family socialization, children learn gendered family and transnational roles, even if their boundaries are partly blurred by migration. Sons learn above all an economic sense of family (sending money to relatives in Mali and supporting the family in France), while daughters are more socialized to a matrimonial sense of the family (marrying a male Malian relative and perpetuating the lineage).

Contribution: At the crossroads of the sociology of socialization, the family and migration, this text contributes to our knowledge of the ordinary life of immigrant and/or transnational families, by emphasizing the socializing effects of transnational family configurations and their gendered variations.